Genesis 15:2 - Childless Avram questions Divine promise?

Avram's Concern About Childlessness

In this verse (Bereishit 15:2), Avram expresses his distress to Hashem about remaining childless despite the divine promises he had received. The phrase "וְאָנֹכִי הוֹלֵךְ עֲרִירִי" ("I go childless") reflects Avram's deep yearning for offspring, which is a central theme in the covenant between Avram and Hashem.

Rashi's Explanation

Rashi (Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki) comments that Avram was questioning how Hashem's earlier promises of reward (Bereishit 15:1) could be fulfilled if he had no heir to inherit his legacy. The term "עֲרִירִי" ("childless") is interpreted by Rashi to mean "without a child," emphasizing Avram's concern about his lack of a biological descendant.

The Role of Eliezer of Damascus

Avram mentions "וּבֶן־מֶשֶׁק בֵּיתִי הוּא דַּמֶּשֶׂק אֱלִיעֶזֶר" ("the steward of my house is Eliezer of Damascus"). Rashi explains that "בֶן־מֶשֶׁק" refers to one who is "drawn after" or "heir to" Avram's household, as the word "מֶשֶׁק" is related to the Aramaic term for "drawing" (as in drawing water). Eliezer, Avram's loyal servant, was the presumed heir at the time, but Avram longed for a biological son to fulfill the divine covenant.

Midrashic Insights

The Midrash (Bereishit Rabbah 44:5) elaborates on Avram's plea, suggesting that he was troubled by the possibility that his righteousness might not merit children. The Midrash also highlights the contrast between Avram's current state of childlessness and the future promise of numerous descendants, underscoring the theme of divine providence and patience in fulfilling promises.

Rambam's Perspective

Rambam (Maimonides) in Moreh Nevuchim (Guide for the Perplexed) discusses the nature of prophetic dialogue, noting that Avram's question reflects a human struggle to understand divine plans. Avram's request for clarity demonstrates his deep faith, as he seeks to align his understanding with Hashem's will.

Key Takeaways

• Avram's plea arises from his sincere desire for a biological heir to inherit both his material and spiritual legacy.
• Eliezer, though a devoted servant, was not the fulfillment of the covenant—Avram sought a child of his own lineage.
• The verse underscores the tension between human yearning and divine timing, a recurring theme in the lives of the Avot (Patriarchs).