Genesis 13:2 - Wealth tests faith's foundation

Join Our Newsletter To Be Informed When New Videos Are Posted

Join the thousands of fellow Studends who rely on our videos to learn how to read the bible in Hebrew for free!

Hebrew Text

וְאַבְרָם כָּבֵד מְאֹד בַּמִּקְנֶה בַּכֶּסֶף וּבַזָּהָב׃

English Translation

And Avram was very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold.

Transliteration

Ve'Avram kaved me'od ba'mikne ba'kesef u'vazahav.

Hebrew Leining Text

וְאַבְרָ֖ם כָּבֵ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד בַּמִּקְנֶ֕ה בַּכֶּ֖סֶף וּבַזָּהָֽב׃

Parasha Commentary

Avram's Wealth in the Context of Divine Blessing

The verse states that Avram was "very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold." This abundance is understood by Rashi (Bereshit 13:2) as a fulfillment of Hashem's earlier promise to bless Avram (Bereshit 12:2). The wealth was not merely material but a sign of divine favor, reinforcing Avram's unique spiritual mission.

Symbolism of Cattle, Silver, and Gold

Traditional commentators highlight the deeper significance of these possessions:

Cattle (מִקְנֶה): The Midrash (Bereshit Rabbah 41:1) notes that Avram's livestock bore distinguishing marks to prevent mixing with others, symbolizing his commitment to ethical business practices and separation from corrupt influences.
Silver (כֶּסֶף): The Kli Yakar (Bereshit 13:2) connects silver (kesef) to the word kisufin (yearning), suggesting Avram's wealth was acquired through pure intentions—longing only to serve Hashem.
Gold (זָהָב): Ramban (Bereshit 13:2) interprets gold as a metaphor for spiritual refinement, as gold is purified through fire, just as Avram was tested and elevated through his trials.

Wealth as a Test of Righteousness

The Talmud (Nedarim 32a) teaches that material wealth can be a greater challenge than poverty, as it risks leading one to arrogance. Avram's ability to remain humble despite his riches—exemplified later by his refusal to take spoils from the kings (Bereshit 14:22-23)—demonstrates his spiritual greatness. The Sforno (Bereshit 13:2) emphasizes that Avram used his wealth solely for tzedakah and hospitality, as seen with his open tent (Bereshit 18:1-8).

Contrast with Pharaoh's Gifts

Ibn Ezra (Bereshit 12:16) notes that Avram's wealth originated from Pharaoh’s gifts after Sarai’s incident in Egypt. However, the Or HaChaim (Bereshit 13:2) clarifies that Hashem transformed these gifts into a blessing by multiplying them beyond natural measure, distinguishing Avram’s prosperity from ordinary riches.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Why does the Torah mention that Avram (Abraham) was very rich?
A: The Torah mentions Avram's wealth to show that he was blessed by Hashem for his righteousness and faith. Rashi explains that his wealth was a reward for leaving his homeland and following Hashem's command (Genesis 12:1). This teaches that material blessings can come to those who faithfully serve Hashem.

Q: What is the significance of Avram's wealth being in cattle, silver, and gold?
A: The Midrash (Bereishit Rabbah 41:1) notes that these three types of wealth represent different levels of value. Cattle (livestock) were essential for sacrifices and sustenance, silver was used for commerce, and gold represented luxury. This shows that Avram was blessed in all areas - practical needs, business dealings, and finer possessions.

Q: How does Avram's wealth relate to Jewish values about money?
A: The Talmud (Chullin 89a) teaches that the righteous use their wealth for kindness and mitzvot, not just personal benefit. Avram used his wealth to host guests (as seen later with the angels) and spread monotheism. This teaches that wealth is a tool for serving Hashem and helping others, not an end in itself.